weihenstephanensis strains shed some light on the evolution and ecological adaptation of these bacteria. Detailed genetic and biochemical analyses of melanin-positive environmental B. weihenstephanensis isolates and their psychrotrophic character seemed to be a local adaptation to a specific niche. The ability to synthesize melanin-like pigment by soil B. weihenstephanensis DSMZ 11821 reference strain. Biochemical (API 20E and 50CHB tests) and genetic (Multi-locus Sequence Typing, 16S rRNA sequencing, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis) characterization of the isolates revealed their close relation to the psychrotrophic B. The presence of the gene encoding laccase was confirmed by the next generation whole genome sequencing of one B. weihenstephanensis was associated with laccase activity. Several biochemical tests showed that melanin-like pigment synthesis by B. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and physicochemical tests indicated the phenolic character of the pigment. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy displayed a stable free radical signal of the pigment from environmental isolates which are consistent with the commercial melanin. weihenstephanensis genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. We assessed physicochemical properties of the pigment and the mechanism of its synthesis in relation to B. Here, for the first time, we reported that psychrotolerant Bacillus weihenstephanensis from Northeastern Poland can produce melanin-like pigment. Although melanin is known for protecting living organisms from harmful physical and chemical factors, its synthesis is rarely observed among endospore-forming Bacillus cereus sensu lato.
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